China

SECTION 1: COUNTRY OVERVIEW & GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE
1.1 Basic Country Information
Country NamePeople’s Republic of China
Capital CityBeijing
BRICS StatusFounding Member – Original BRIC (2006 dialogue; first summit 2009)
Total Population~1,408.28 million (end of 2024, NBS Statistical Communiqué); world’s 2nd most populous (after India since 2023)
Population Growth Rate-0.99 per thousand (2024, NBS) – natural decline: 9.54M births vs 10.93M deaths
Rural Population (%)~33% (~464.78M); urban: ~67% (943.50M urban permanent residents, end 2024, NBS)
Urban Population (%)67.0% (2024, NBS); urbanisation rate continuing to rise
GDP (Nominal)134,908.4 billion yuan (2024, NBS); ~USD 18.5–19.0 trillion at avg exchange rate 7.12 RMB/USD; +5.0% real growth
GDP per Capita~USD 13,100–13,500 (2024, IMF/NBS)
Agriculture’s Share of GDPPrimary industry: 6.8% of GDP (9,141.4 billion yuan, 2024, NBS). Agriculture and related industries: 15.29% of GDP (20.6 trillion yuan, NBS 2024 extended accounting)
Agriculture’s Share of Employment~23–25% of total workforce (~170–180M agricultural workers; 299.73M rural migrant workers in 2024, NBS)
HDI Rank0.788 (2023/24, UNDP) – High Human Development; ~75th globally
Official Language(s)Standard Chinese (Mandarin/Putonghua); 7 major dialect groups; 56 recognised ethnic groups with own languages
CurrencyRenminbi (RMB/CNY); avg 7.12 RMB/USD in 2024 (NBS)
Country Name
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china-flag
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Country Official Name
BRICS Status
Founding Member – Original BRIC (2006 dialogue; first summit 2009).
Capital City
Beijing
Sections
SECTION 1: COUNTRY OVERVIEW & GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE
1.1 Basic Country Information
Country NamePeople's Republic of China
Capital CityBeijing
BRICS StatusFounding Member – Original BRIC (2006 dialogue; first summit 2009)
Total PopulationApproximately 1,408.28 million (end of 2024, NBS Statistical Communiqué); world's second most populous country after India
Population Growth Rate-0.99 per thousand (2024, NBS); natural decline with 9.54 million births versus 10.93 million deaths
Rural Population (%)Approximately 33% (464.78 million people); urban population approximately 67%
Urban Population (%)67.0% (943.50 million urban permanent residents, end of 2024, NBS)
GDP (Nominal)134,908.4 billion yuan (2024, NBS); approximately USD 18.5–19.0 trillion; real GDP growth of 5.0%
GDP per CapitaApproximately USD 13,100–13,500 (2024, IMF/NBS)
Agriculture’s Share of GDPPrimary industry contributed 6.8% of GDP (9,141.4 billion yuan, 2024, NBS). Agriculture and related industries accounted for 15.29% of GDP (20.6 trillion yuan).
Agriculture’s Share of EmploymentApproximately 23–25% of total workforce (around 170–180 million agricultural workers); 299.73 million rural migrant workers in 2024
HDI RankHDI Value: 0.788 (2023/24, UNDP); High Human Development category; approximately 75th globally
Official Language(s)Standard Chinese (Mandarin/Putonghua); seven major dialect groups; 56 officially recognized ethnic groups with their own languages
CurrencyRenminbi (RMB/CNY); average exchange rate of 7.12 RMB per USD in 2024